Basic Data Types
C++ is a strongly typed language.
Basic Data Types:
C++ provides a rather large number of types. However, you can write perfectly good programs using only five of those:
Here are some examples of declaring and initializing variables:
int age = 28; double price = 8.99; char grade = 'A'; std::string message = "Game Over"; bool late_to_work = true;
Datatype Modifiers:
As the name implies, datatype modifiers are used with built-in data types to modify the length of data that a particular data type can hold. Data type modifiers in C++ are:
signed
unsigned
short
long
We will learn about these in a bit!
Const:
const
(constant) variables cannot be changed by your program during execution.
const double quarter = 0.25; // and now variable quarter can only be 0.25
Simply add the keyword const
before the data type during declaration to make the variable not modifiable.
Type Conversion:
A type cast is basically a conversion from one type to another.
The notation (type) value
means “convert value
to type
“. So for example:
double weight1; int weight2; weight1 = 154.49; weight2 = (int) weight1; // weight2 is now 154
Note: Going from a double
to an int
simply removes the decimal. There’s no rounding involved.