We can also add an else clause to an if statement to provide code that will only be executed if the condition is false. Here’s a form of an if statement that includes an else clause:

if (condition) {

  do something

} else {

  do something else

}

• If condition is true, statement1 is executed. Then the program skips statement2 and executes any code statements following the if/else clause.
• If condition is false, statement1 is skipped and statement2 is executed. After statement2 completes, the program executes any code statements following the if/else clause.

if (coin == 1) {

  std::cout << "Heads\n";

}
else {

  std::cout << "Tails\n";

}

So in the code above, if coin is equal to 1, the program outputs “Heads”; if it does not, then it outputs “Tails”.

Note: It’s either or — only one of them will execute!