Queries

Perform more complex queries by learning essential query keywords and functionality

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Key Concepts

Review core concepts you need to learn to master this subject

AND Operator

AS Clause

OR Operator

% Wildcard

SELECT Statement

_ Wildcard

ORDER BY Clause

LIKE Operator

`AND` Operator

SELECT model 
FROM cars 
WHERE color = 'blue' 
  AND year > 2014;

The AND operator allows multiple conditions to be combined. Records must match both conditions that are joined by AND to be included in the result set. The given query will match any car that is blue and made after 2014.

`AS` Clause

SELECT model 
FROM cars 
WHERE color = 'blue' 
  AND year > 2014;

Columns or tables can be aliased using the AS clause. This allows columns or tables to be specifically renamed in the returned result set. The given query will return a result set with the column for name renamed to movie_title.

`OR` Operator

SELECT model 
FROM cars 
WHERE color = 'blue' 
  AND year > 2014;

The OR operator allows multiple conditions to be combined. Records matching either condition joined by the OR are included in the result set. The given query will match customers whose state is either 'CA' or 'NY'.

`%` Wildcard

SELECT model 
FROM cars 
WHERE color = 'blue' 
  AND year > 2014;

The % wildcard can be used in a LIKE operator pattern to match zero or more unspecified character(s). The given query will match any movie that begins with The, followed by zero or more of any characters.

`SELECT` Statement

SELECT model 
FROM cars 
WHERE color = 'blue' 
  AND year > 2014;

The SELECT * statement returns all columns from the provided table in the result set. The given query will fetch all columns and records (rows) from the movies table.

`_` Wildcard

SELECT model 
FROM cars 
WHERE color = 'blue' 
  AND year > 2014;

The _ wildcard can be used in a LIKE operator pattern to match any single unspecified character. The given query will match any movie which begins with a single character, followed by ove.

`ORDER BY` Clause

SELECT model 
FROM cars 
WHERE color = 'blue' 
  AND year > 2014;

The ORDER BY clause can be used to sort the result set by a particular column either alphabetically or numerically. It can be ordered in two ways:

DESC is a keyword used to sort the results in descending order.
ASC is a keyword used to sort the results in ascending order (default).

`LIKE` Operator

SELECT model 
FROM cars 
WHERE color = 'blue' 
  AND year > 2014;

The LIKE operator can be used inside of a WHERE clause to match a specified pattern. The given query will match any movie that begins with Star in its title.

`DISTINCT` Clause

SELECT model 
FROM cars 
WHERE color = 'blue' 
  AND year > 2014;

Unique values of a column can be selected using a DISTINCT query. For a table contact_details having five rows in which the city column contains Chicago, Madison, Boston, Madison, and Denver, the given query would return:

Chicago
Madison
Boston
Denver

`BETWEEN` Operator

SELECT model 
FROM cars 
WHERE color = 'blue' 
  AND year > 2014;

The BETWEEN operator can be used to filter by a range of values. The range of values can be text, numbers, or date data. The given query will match any movie made between the years 1980 and 1990, inclusive.

`LIMIT` Clause

SELECT model 
FROM cars 
WHERE color = 'blue' 
  AND year > 2014;

The LIMIT clause is used to narrow, or limit, a result set to the specified number of rows. The given query will limit the result set to 5 rows.

`NULL` Values

SELECT model 
FROM cars 
WHERE color = 'blue' 
  AND year > 2014;

Column values can be NULL, or have no value. These records can be matched (or not matched) using the IS NULL and IS NOT NULL operators in combination with the WHERE clause. The given query will match all addresses where the address has a value or is not NULL.

`WHERE` Clause

SELECT model 
FROM cars 
WHERE color = 'blue' 
  AND year > 2014;

The WHERE clause is used to filter records (rows) that match a certain condition. The given query will select all records where the pub_year equals 2017.

Queries

Lesson 1 of 1

1
Introduction
In this lesson, we will be learning different SQL commands to query a single table in a database. One of the core purposes of the SQL language is to retrieve information stored in a database. …
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2
Select
Previously, we learned that SELECT is used every time you want to query data from a database and * means all columns. Suppose we are only interested in two of the columns. We can select individu…
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3
As
Knowing how SELECT works, suppose we have the code below: SELECT name AS ‘Titles’ FROM movies; Can you guess what AS does? AS is a keyword in SQL that allows you to rename a column or table u…
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4
Distinct
When we are examining data in a table, it can be helpful to know what distinct values exist in a particular column. DISTINCT is used to return unique values in the output. It filters out all dup…
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5
Where
We can restrict our query results using the WHERE clause in order to obtain only the information we want. Following this format, the statement below filters the result set to only include top rate…
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6
Like I
LIKE can be a useful operator when you want to compare similar values. The movies table contains two films with similar titles, ‘Se7en’ and ‘Seven’. How could we select all movies that start w…
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7
Like II
The percentage sign % is another wildcard character that can be used with LIKE. This statement below filters the result set to only include movies with names that begin with the letter ‘A’: SELEC…
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8
Is Null
By this point of the lesson, you might have noticed that there are a few missing values in the movies table. More often than not, the data you encounter will have missing values. Unknown values a…
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9
Between
The BETWEEN operator is used in a WHERE clause to filter the result set within a certain range. It accepts two values that are either numbers, text or dates. For example, this statement filters …
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10
And
Sometimes we want to combine multiple conditions in a WHERE clause to make the result set more specific and useful. One way of doing this is to use the AND operator. Here, we use the AND operat…
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11
Or
Similar to AND, the OR operator can also be used to combine multiple conditions in WHERE, but there is a fundamental difference: - AND operator displays a row if all the conditions are true. - …
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12
Order By
That’s it with WHERE and its operators. Moving on! It is often useful to list the data in our result set in a particular order. We can sort the results using ORDER BY, either alphabetically or…
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13
Limit
We’ve been working with a fairly small table (fewer than 250 rows), but most SQL tables contain hundreds of thousands of records. In those situations, it becomes important to cap the number of rows…
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14
Case
A CASE statement allows us to create different outputs (usually in the SELECT statement). It is SQL’s way of handling if-then logic. Suppose we want to condense the ratings in movies to three le…
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15
Review
Congratulations! We just learned how to query data from a database using SQL. We also learned how to filter queries to make the information more specific and useful. Let’s summarize: - SELECT i…
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New York Restaurants
Practice writing the most common types of queries.

How you'll master it

Stress-test your knowledge with quizzes that help commit syntax to memory

Queries
What is the correct syntax to query both the name and date columns from the database?

Queries

Start

Queries

Key Concepts

`AND` Operator

`AS` Clause

`OR` Operator

`%` Wildcard

`SELECT` Statement

`_` Wildcard

`ORDER BY` Clause

`LIKE` Operator

`DISTINCT` Clause

`BETWEEN` Operator

`LIMIT` Clause

`NULL` Values

`WHERE` Clause

What you'll create

New York Restaurants

How you'll master it

Queries

Queries

Subjects

Languages

AND Operator

AS Clause

OR Operator

% Wildcard

SELECT Statement

_ Wildcard

ORDER BY Clause

LIKE Operator

DISTINCT Clause

BETWEEN Operator

LIMIT Clause

NULL Values

WHERE Clause

New York Restaurants

Queries

`AND` Operator

`AS` Clause

`OR` Operator

`%` Wildcard

`SELECT` Statement

`_` Wildcard

`ORDER BY` Clause

`LIKE` Operator

`DISTINCT` Clause

`BETWEEN` Operator

`LIMIT` Clause

`NULL` Values

`WHERE` Clause